1. Product Description
- Name: G-Diclo (Diclofenac Sodium 50 mg)
- Type: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)
- Form: Oral capsule
- Strength: 50 mg per capsule
2. Chemical Information
- Molecular Formula: C14_{14}14H11_{11}11Cl2_{2}2NO2_{2}2Na
- Molecular Weight: Approximately 318.14 g/mol
- Chemical Structure: Contains diclofenac as the active ingredient in its sodium salt form.
3. Indications
- Primary Uses:
- Relief of mild to moderate pain (e.g., headaches, toothaches, back pain)
- Reduction of inflammation in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis
- Management of dysmenorrhea (painful menstrual periods)
- Fever reduction for associated conditions
4. Dosage and Administration
- Dosage: Each capsule contains 50 mg of diclofenac sodium.
- Typical Dosage Schedule: Generally taken 1 to 2 times a day, or as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
- Administration: Swallow capsules whole with a full glass of water. Do not crush, chew, or break the capsules.
5. Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Diclofenac sodium is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentrations are typically reached within 1 to 2 hours after oral ingestion.
- Distribution: It is extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly albumin.
- Metabolism: Metabolized primarily in the liver through hydroxylation and conjugation.
- Excretion: Excreted via urine and to a lesser extent through bile.
6. Side Effects
- Common Side Effects:
- Gastrointestinal issues (e.g., nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia)
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Serious Side Effects:
- Gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers
- Liver damage (elevated liver enzymes)
- Renal impairment
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
7. Contraindications
- Known Allergies: Hypersensitivity to diclofenac or other NSAIDs.
- Gastrointestinal Conditions: Active peptic ulcer disease or a history of gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Renal or Hepatic Conditions: Severe liver or kidney disease.
- Pregnancy: Avoid use, particularly in the third trimester.
8. Precautions
- Caution: Use with caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal problems, cardiovascular issues, or renal impairment.
- Drug Interactions: May interact with anticoagulants, other NSAIDs, antihypertensives, and certain antidepressants.
- Monitoring: Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is advised during long-term use.
9. Storage
- Conditions: Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture.
- Packaging: Typically provided in blister packs or bottles with child-resistant caps.
10. Patient Counseling Information
- Adherence: Take as prescribed. Do not exceed the recommended dose.
- Hydration: Maintain adequate fluid intake to help mitigate gastrointestinal issues.
- Reporting: Notify your healthcare provider if you experience severe side effects or symptoms of an allergic reaction.