Empty hard gelatin capsules are used in various industries, particularly in pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, to encapsulate powders, granules, or liquids. Capsules come in various sizes to accommodate different dosages and formulation needs. The size of the capsule affects the amount of content it can hold and, consequently, the overall dosage of the product.
- Capsule Size Range
- Size 0: A popular size for many applications, holding about 0.68 ml (680 mg) of powder.
- Size 1: Holds approximately 0.50 ml (500 mg) of powder and is widely used for moderate doses.
- Size 2: Holds about 0.37 ml (370 mg) of powder, suitable for smaller doses.
- Size 3: Commonly used for smaller doses, holding approximately 0.30 ml (300 mg) of powder.
- Size 4: Suitable for very small doses, holding around 0.21 ml (210 mg) of powder.
- Capsule Size Selection
- Dosage Requirements: The size of the capsule should match the required dosage of the active ingredient. Larger capsules are used for higher doses, while smaller capsules are suitable for lower doses.
- Formulation Type: The type of formulation (e.g., powder, granules, or liquid) affects the choice of capsule size. Certain formulations may require specific capsule sizes to ensure proper filling and functioning.
- Patient Preferences: Smaller capsules may be preferred by patients who have difficulty swallowing larger capsules, especially in the case of dietary supplements and pediatric formulations.
- Special Capsule Sizes
- Custom Sizes: Some manufacturers offer custom capsule sizes to meet specific needs or unique formulations. These capsules can be tailored to fit particular dosage requirements or to accommodate non-standard ingredients.
- Double-Locking Capsules: Designed for high-value or sensitive ingredients, these capsules feature additional sealing mechanisms to ensure integrity and security of the contents.
- Materials and Coatings
- Standard Gelatin: Typically made from bovine or porcine sources, providing a reliable and widely used option for encapsulation.
- Vegetarian and Halal Options: Available for those with dietary restrictions, made from plant-based materials or complying with Halal standards.
- Enteric Coatings: Specialized coatings that protect the contents from stomach acid and ensure the capsule dissolves in the intestines, often used for time-release or targeted delivery formulations.
- Quality Considerations
- Consistency: Ensuring uniform capsule size and quality is crucial for accurate dosing and reliable performance.
- Integrity: Capsules must maintain their structural integrity throughout handling and storage to ensure proper release of contents.